H. Assegaff, W. Ermawati, and A. Slamet, “The Effect of Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) & Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) on Return on Assets (ROA) (Case Study: Government-Owned National Banks)”, IIJSE, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 366-381, Oct. 2025.