Reconstructing Global Civilization: Perspectives on Power and Knowledge in the Implementation of Sharia in Aceh

Muhammad Daniel; Dian Mohammad Hakim; Tri Mardiansah

doi:10.31538/almada.v9i3.6696

Muhammad Daniel Universitas Islam Malang
Dian Mohammad Hakim Universitas Islam Malang
Tri Mardiansah Universitas Islam Malang

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31538/almada.v9i3.6696

Keywords: Sharia, Customary Law, Social Stability, Ethics, Justice

Abstract

The implementation of Islamic law in Aceh presents a unique phenomenon, showcasing the integration of religious norms and customary law in fostering social stability and an ethical, justice-based civilization. Although Aceh has an established Islamic legal framework governed by qanun (Islamic by-laws), this study finds that customary law continues to play a vital role in contextualizing the implementation of sharia in accordance with local social conditions. This research aims to analyze the synergy between religious norms and local wisdom and their impact on social stability, cultural identity, and societal tolerance in Aceh. Using a qualitative approach with a critical phenomenological method, the study was conducted in three key regions Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, and Lhokseumawe through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the interaction between sharia and customary law in Aceh creates a flexible legal system in which dispute resolution mechanisms prioritize customary deliberation before resorting to formal legal processes. Social stability is also maintained through religious practices and the role of ulama in fostering communal harmony. This study highlights that Aceh’s ethical and justice-based civilization is shaped by a balance between religious values and local culture, resulting in an adaptive and sustainable social system.

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