Klasifikasi Ilmu Pengetahuan Perspektif al-Ghazālī: Integrasi Wahyu dan Rasio dalam Epistemologi Sains
The Classification of Knowledge in al-Ghazālī’s Perspective: Integrating Revelation and Reason in the Epistemology of Science
Abstract
Classification of Science is one of the ways or methods of scientists and scholars to understand the meaning of the essence of science. Among the figures who are quite popular in the history of science with the idea of classification of science is Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad al-Ghazālī. However, whether the classification of science in al-Ghazālī's perspective has implications for science itself, then this is where the problem that will be studied. The purpose of writing this article is in an effort to fully present al-Ghazālī's views regarding the discourse of Classification of Science and its implications for science. So that readers can acquire information on what aspects are the implications of Al-Ghazali's ideas on science. This study uses a qualitative method based on library research with a philosophical approach. The results found are mapped into four discussions; 1) Source, 2) Method, 3) Law and 4) Implications for science. Source aspects include; Revelation and Rationale, Method Aspects; Ḥuṣūlī and Ḥuḍūrī, and Legal Aspects include; Farḍu ‘Ayn, Farḍu Kifāyah, Faḍīlah, Maḥmūd, Mubāḥ, Madhmūm. These various aspects have significantly impacted science. Consequently, Al-Ghazali's ideas on the Classification of Sciences have implications for science based on the aspects of Source, Method, and Law.
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