The Influence of Digital Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior with Digital Self-Efficacy as a Mediating Variable and Organizational Learning Culture as a Moderating Variable Among Civil Servants in Regency X
Keywords:
Digital Leadership, Innovative Work Behavior, Digital Self-Efficacy, Organizational Learning Culture, Civil Servants
Abstract
This study examines the effect of digital leadership on innovative work behavior with digital self-efficacy as a mediating variable and organizational learning culture as a moderating variable among civil servants. Using a quantitative explanatory approach with a survey design, data were collected from 200 civil servants in Regional Government Organizations in Central Java Province and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The findings show that digital leadership has a positive and significant effect on innovative work behavior (β=0.312; p<0.01) both directly and through the mediation of digital self-efficacy (β indirect=0.154; p<0.01). Digital leadership is also a strong predictor of digital self-efficacy (β=0.483; p<0.01). However, organizational learning culture does not moderate the relationship between digital self-efficacy and innovative work behavior (β=0.050; p=0.448). These findings confirm that effective digital leadership, supported by employees’ digital self-confidence, is a key determinant of innovative work behavior in the era of digital transformation.
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References
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Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.
Birawa, A. P., & Veronica, S. (2024). Bureaucratic challenges in Indonesian state universities: Balancing autonomy and accountability. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 46(3), 289-305.
Compeau, D. R., & Higgins, C. A. (1995). Computer self-efficacy: Development of a measure and initial test. MIS Quarterly, 19(2), 189-211. https://doi.org/10.2307/249688
De Jong, J. P., & Den Hartog, D. (2010). Measuring innovative work behaviour. Creativity and Innovation Management, 19(1), 23-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2010.00547.x
Erhan, T., Uzunbacak, H. H., & Aydin, E. (2022). From conventional to digital leadership: Exploring digitalization of leadership and innovative work behavior. Management Research Review, 45(11), 1524-1543. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-01-2022-0021
Hadi, S., Setiawati, L., Kirana, K. C., Lada, S. B., & Rahmawati, C. H. T. (2024). The effect of digital leadership and organizational support on innovative work behavior. Quality - Access to Success, 25(199), 74-83. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.199.09
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Kementerian PANRB. (2024). Keputusan Menteri PANRB No. 663/2024 tentang Hasil Evaluasi Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik Pada Instansi Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah Tahun 2024. Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi.
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Lin, N. (2024). Digital leadership: Definition, conceptualization, and future research directions [Catatan: Referensi ini perlu diverifikasi ulang di Scopus/Google Scholar sebelum submit].
Margiono, A. (2021). Digital transformation: Setting the pace. Journal of Business Strategy, 42(11), 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-11-2019-0215
Marsick, V. J., & Watkins, K. E. (2003). Demonstrating the value of an organization's learning culture. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 5(2), 132-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422303005002002
Pircher Verdorfer, A., & Van Ginkel, G. (2024). Adapting to organizational change in a public sector high-reliability context: The role of negative affect and normative commitment to change. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 34(3), 465-479. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muae009
Rohatgi, A., Scherer, R., & Hatlevik, O. E. (2016). The role of ICT self-efficacy for students' ICT use. Computers & Education, 102, 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.08.001
Sagbas, M., Erdogan, F. A., & Turan, H. (2023). Digital leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of digital culture. Journal of Business Research-Turk, 15(3), 1826-1840.
Udin, U. (2023). Linking transformational leadership to organizational learning culture and employee performance: The mediation-moderation model. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(3), e01229. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i3.1229
United Nations. (2024). UN E-Government Survey 2024. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/en-us/Reports/UN-E-Government-Survey-2024
Van der Voet, J., Kuipers, B. S., & Groeneveld, S. (2025). Does bureaucracy demotivate public servants? An assessment of psychological mechanisms and the moderating role of age. Public Management Review. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2025.2504723
Wang, Y., Park, S., & Gao, Y. (2025). Digital leadership and employee innovative performance: The role of job crafting. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1492264. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1492264
Zeike, S., Bradbury, K., Lindert, L., & Pfaff, H. (2019). Digital leadership skills and associations with psychological well-being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 2628. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142628
Zhang, Q., Li, M., & Wang, H. (2025). The impact of AI usage on innovation behavior at work. Behavioral Sciences, 15, 491.
Zhu, J., Luo, Y., & Wang, H. (2025). Digital leadership and employees' innovative behavior in the hospitality industry. Current Psychology, 44, 16283-16297. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-025-08358-x
Zia, A., Memon, M. A., Mirza, M. Z., Iqbal, Y. M. J., & Tariq, A. (2025). Digital job resources, digital engagement, digital leadership, and innovative work behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management, 28(8), 3192-3216. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-04-2023-0311
Published
2026-06-27
How to Cite
Apriliani, L., & Hanfan, A. (2026). The Influence of Digital Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior with Digital Self-Efficacy as a Mediating Variable and Organizational Learning Culture as a Moderating Variable Among Civil Servants in Regency X. Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 9(2), 16164-16173. https://doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v9i2.10160
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Copyright (c) 2026 Lina Apriliani, Ahmad Hanfan
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