Analysis of Capital Structure, Profit-Sharing Income, and Financial Performance of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia, 2019–2023
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the capital structure, profit-sharing income, and financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks (ICBs) in Indonesia during the 2019–2023 period. The background of this research is based on a significant decline in Return on Assets (ROA) and the challenges faced by Islamic banks in maintaining stable financial performance amid global economic fluctuations and uncertainty. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the annual financial reports of seven Islamic Commercial Banks, accessed through their official websites. The data analysis techniques include descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, hypothesis testing, and panel data regression analysis. The results indicate that, partially, capital structure measured using Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Current Ratio (CR), and total liabilities has a negative effect on financial performance. Similarly, profit-sharing income also shows a negative impact on financial performance. Furthermore, the simultaneous test reveals that capital structure and profit-sharing income jointly influence the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia during the observed period. In conclusion, both capital structure and profit-sharing income play significant roles in determining the financial performance of Islamic banking institutions, although their effects tend to be negative within the study period.
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