Work Coordination and SOP Clarity as Drivers of Employee Performance in the Construction Industry: The Mediating Role of Work Effectiveness and the Moderating Role of Supervisory Control
Abstract
This study developed an integrated model to explain how work coordination and clarity of standard operating procedures affect employee performance through work effectiveness and the role of work supervision as a moderator in the construction industry. The study used an explanatory quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey design. Data were obtained from 150 employees of construction companies in the Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi areas through purposive sampling, then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that work coordination did not have a direct effect on employee performance, but had a positive effect on work effectiveness. The clarity of SOPs had a positive effect on work effectiveness and employee performance, while work effectiveness significantly improved performance. The mediation analysis identified indirect-only mediation on the relationship between coordination and performance, and complementary partial mediation on the relationship between SOP clarity and performance. Work supervision has been proven to strengthen the influence of coordination and SOP clarity on employee performance. These findings confirm that coordination does not automatically result in performance, but must be converted into an effective work process supported by consistent supervision. This research offers a theoretical contribution through the integration of mediation and moderation mechanisms and provides practical implications for construction companies to manage coordination, SOPs, effectiveness, and supervision as a complementary performance improvement system
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