Exploring the Impact of Literacy Rate, Health, and Women's Empowerment on Women’s Labor Participation Rate in OIC Member Countries
Keywords:
Female Labor Participation Rate, Literacy Rate, Health, Women Empowerment, Panel Data
Abstract
This study aims to explore the influence of literacy rate, women's involvement in parliament, fertility rates, and female life expectancy on the female labor participation rate in member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). The study employs panel data analysis methods for 20 OIC member countries spanning from 2019 to 2021, utilizing data from the World Bank. The data is processed using Eviews 12 software. Findings from the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) approach indicate that women's participation in parliament harms the female labor participation rate. However, literacy rate, fertility rate, and female life expectancy do not significantly affect the female labor participation rate. Based on the research outcomes, governments should evaluate the causes of the declining female workforce participation rate, engage in dialogue with various stakeholders, and formulate policies that support women's involvement without compromising their participation in the workforce. Additionally, strengthening family support policies, promoting gender equality in parliament, and enhancing women's financial literacy are essential measures.
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Adhitya, B., Prabawa, A., & Kencana, H. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Pendidikan, Kesehatan, Sanitasi dan Rata-Rata Jumlah Anggota Keluarga Per Rumah Tangga terhadap Kemiskinan di Indonesia. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 6(1), 288-295.
Aisyah, S., & Fitriana, W. (2019). Determinasi Pembangunan Manusia dan Investasi Sektor Ekonomi Terhadap Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja. The 9th University Research Colloquium (Urecol), 9(3).
Al Faizah, S. A., Mafruhah, I., & Sarungu, J. J. (2020). Does women’s reproductive health and empowerment affect female labor participation in ASEAN? Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 21(1), 32-39.
Al Faizah, S. A., Perwithosuci, W., Hidayah, N., & Abidin, A. Z. (2022). Women’s Literacy Rate and Women’s Labor Participation in ASEAN. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, 23(1), 56-62.
Alfaizah, S. A., & Puspitasari, M. (2022). Women’s Health and Their Labor Force Participation: A Panel Data Analysis. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(3), 21147-21154.
Amanuma, N., Zusman, E., & Langlet, D. (2023). The relationship between female and younger legislative representation and performance on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Environmental Research Letters, 18(5), 054018.
Bakar, N., Haseeb, M., & Hartani, N. (2014). The dilemma of female labour force participation (FLFP) and fertility rate in Asian-6 countries: A panel cointegration approach. Life Science Journal, 11(8s), 584-590.
Barnat, N., MacFeely, S., & Peltola, A. (2019). Comparing global gender inequality indices: how well do they measure the economic dimension? Journal of sustainability research, 1-33.
Batool, S. A., Tabassum, A., & Saghir, S. (2019). Dynamics of Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 39(3), 751-762.
Blau, F. D., & Kahn, L. M. (2020). The gender pay gap: Have women gone as far as they can?. In Inequality in the United States (pp. 345-362). Routledge.
Boakye, N., & Southey, L. (2008). Investigating students' motivations and attitudes towards reading. Journal for Language Teaching= Ijenali Yekufundzisa Lulwimi= Tydskrif vir Taalonderrig, 42(2), 7-24.
Cao, C., Duan, H., & Ng, L. L. (2023). The Impact of Gender Inequality in Higher Education on Female Employment. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 8, 2355-2361.
Cerrato, J., & Cifre, E. (2018). Gender inequality in household chores and work-family conflict. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 384557.
Clarke, M. (2011). Advancing women's careers through leadership development programs. Employee Relations, 33(5), 498-515.
Cools, S., Markussen, S., & Strøm, M. (2017). Children and careers: How family size affects parents’ labor market outcomes in the long run. Demography, 54(5), 1773-1793.
Ghosh, M. (2018). Gender equality, growth, and human development in India. Asian Development Perspectives (ADP), 9(1), 68-87.
Girón, A., & Kazemikhasragh, A. (2021). Gender equality and economic growth in Asia and Africa: empirical analysis of developing and least developed countries. Journal of the knowledge economy, 1-11. Gjellestad,
M., Haraldstad, K., Enehaug, H., & Helmersen, M. (2023). Women’s Health and Working Life: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1080.
Idowu, O. O., & Owoeye, T. (2019). Female labour force participation in African countries: An empirical analysis. Indian Journal of Human Development, 13(3), 278-293.
Imamura, Y., Kubota, K., Morisaki, N., Suzuki, S., Oyamada, M., & Osuga, Y. (2020). Association of women's health literacy and work productivity among Japanese workers: a web-based, nationwide survey. JMA journal, 3(3), 232- 239.
Leal Filho, W., Kovaleva, M., Tsani, S., Țîrcă, D. M., Shiel, C., Dinis, M. A. P., ... & Tripathi, S. (2023). Promoting gender equality across the sustainable development goals. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25(12), 14177-14198.
Li, Y., Pan, A., Wang, D. D., Liu, X., Dhana, K., Franco, O. H., ... & Hu, F. B. (2018). Impact of healthy lifestyle factors on life expectancies in the US population. Circulation, 138(4), 345-355.
Lozano, M., & Solé-Auró, A. (2021). Happiness and life expectancy by main occupational position among older workers: Who will live longer and happy? SSM-population health, 13, 100735.
Lv, Z., & Yang, R. (2018). Does women’s participation in politics increase female labor participation? Evidence from panel data analysis. Economics Letters, 170, 35-38.
Nazah, N., Duasa, J., & Arifin, M. I. (2021). Fertility and female labor force participation in Asian countries; Panel ARDL approach. Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan, 22(2), 272-288.
Okşak, Y., & Koyuncu, J. Y. (2017). Does globalization affect female labor force participation: Panel evidence. Journal of Economics Bibliography, 4(4), 381- 387.
Rahmawan, F. A. N., & Aisyah, S. (2024). Examining determinants of women’s labor participation rate in developing Asian countries. Journal of Enterprise and Development (JED), 6(1), 259-269.
Rofiuddin, M., Aisyah, S., Pratiwi, D. N., Annisa, A. A., Puspita, R. E., & Nabila, R. (2019). Does Economic Growth Reduce Pollution? Empirical Evidence from Low-Income Countries. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 125, p. 06002). EDP Sciences.
Ruiters, M., & Charteris, A. (2020). Gender equality in labour force participation, economic growth and development in South Africa. Development Southern Africa, 37(6), 997-1011.
Samtleben, C., & Müller, K. U. (2022). Care and careers: Gender (in) equality in unpaid care, housework, and employment. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 77, 100659.
Saputra, W., & Junaidi, J. (2011). Fenomena Over Education dan Under Education dalam Pasar Kerja Wanita. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, 12(2), 212-220.
Sasongko, G., Huruta, B. E., & Huruta, A. D. (2020). Female labor force participation rate in Indonesia: empirical evidence from panel data approach. Management and Economics Review, 5(1), 147-159.
Schier, U. K. (2020). Female and male role models and competitiveness. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 173, 55-67. SESRIC. (2016). State of Gender in OIC Countries: Prospects and Challenges. https://sesricdiag.blob.core.windows.net/sesric-site-blob/files/article/556.pdf (Accessed 25 November 2023). SESRIC. (2018). OIC Labour Market Strategy 2025. https://www.oic oci.org/docdown/?docID=2907&refID=1076 (Accessed 25 November 2023).
Shittu, W. O., & Abdullah, N. (2019). Fertility, education, and female labour participation: Dynamic panel analysis of ASEAN-7 countries. International Journal of Social Economics, 46(1), 66-82.
Ziegler, L., & Bamieh, O. (2023). Does a Flexible Parental Leave System Stimulate Maternal Employment? (No. 16172). Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
Zuhri, A., Wulandari, N. L., Purnomo, A., & Budiyono, F. (2020, August). The Role of Women in Improving Household Economy. In International Joint Conference on Science and Technology (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 149-151)
Published
2024-01-31
How to Cite
Sari, R., & Aisyah, S. (2024). Exploring the Impact of Literacy Rate, Health, and Women’s Empowerment on Women’s Labor Participation Rate in OIC Member Countries. Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 7(1), 1278-1291. https://doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v7i1.4618
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Copyright (c) 2024 Rosita Milenia Sari, Siti Aisyah
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