The Influence of Herding, Loss Aversion, And Availability on Investment Decision-Making with Fear of Missing Out as a Mediating Variable Among Generation Z Investors
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of herding behavior, loss aversion, and availability on investment decision-making among Generation Z, with Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) as a mediator. Generation Z frequently relies on social media as a primary source of investment information, potentially leading to biases or decision-making errors. The research was conducted among a group studying capital markets in Semarang, employing purposive sampling to gather data from 251 respondents through Google Form questionnaires. Data analysis using Smart PLS 4.0 revealed that herding behavior does not significantly affect FoMO or investment decision-making among Generation Z. However, loss aversion and information availability significantly influence both investment decision-making and FoMO among Generation Z. FoMO does not mediate the relationship between herding behavior and investment decisions, but it does mediate the impact of loss aversion and information availability on investment decisions among Generation Z.
Downloads
References
Ahmad, M., & Wu, Q. (2022). Does herding behavior matter in investment management and perceived market efficiency? Evidence from an emerging market. Management Decision, 60(8), 2148–2173. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-07-2020-0867
Ahmed, Z., & Noreen, U. (2021). Role of behavioral determinants for investment decision making. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 21(2), 48–62.
Armansyah, R. F. (2022). Herd Instinct Bias, Emotional Biases, and Information Processing Biases in Investment Decisions. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 24(2), 105–117. https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.24.2.105-117
Barry, C. T., & Wong, M. Y. (2020). Fear of missing out (FoMO): A generational phenomenon or an individual difference? Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(12), 2952–2966. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520945394
Bhatia, A., Chandani, A., Divekar, R., Mehta, M., & Vijay, N. (2022). Digital innovation in wealth management landscape: the moderating role of robo advisors in behavioural biases and investment decision-making. International Journal of Innovation Science, 14(3–4), 693–712. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-10-2020-0245
Bikhchandani, S., & Sharma, S. (2000). Herd Behavior in Financial Markets. 47(3), 279–310.
Browne, B. L., Aruguete, M. S., McCutcheon, L. E., & Medina, A. M. (2018). Social and emotional correlates of the fear of missing out. North American Journal of Psychology, 20(2), 341–353.
Çelik, I. K., & Eru, O. (2019). The Effects of Consumers’ FoMo Tendencies On Impulse Buying and The Effects of Impulse Buying on Post-Purchase Regret: An Investigation on Retail Stores*. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 10(3), 124–138. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/,
Christie, W. G., & Huang, R. D. (1995). Following the Pied Piper: Do Individual Returns Herd around the Market? Financial Analysts Journal, 51(4), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.2469/faj.v51.n4.1918
Dangol, J., & Manandhar, R. (2020). Impact of Heuristics on Investment Decisions: The Moderating Role of Locus of Control. Journal of Business and Social Sciences Research, 5(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3126/jbssr.v5i1.30195
Dennison, T. (2018). Invest Outside the Box. Invest Outside the Box, 279–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0372-2
Elhussein, N. H. A., & Abdelgadir, J. N. A. (2020). Behavioral Bias in Individual Investment Decisions: Is It a Common Phenomenon in Stock Markets? International Journal of Financial Research, 11(6), 25. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v11n6p25
Gomber, P., Koch, J. A., & Siering, M. (2017). Digital Finance and FinTech: current research and future research directions. Journal of Business Economics, 87(5), 537–580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-017-0852-x
Gupta, S., & Shrivastava, M. (2022). Herding and loss aversion in stock markets: mediating role of fear of missing out (FOMO) in retail investors. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 17(7), 1720–1737. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-08-2020-0933
Haigh, M. S., & List, J. A. (2002). Do Professional Traders Exhibit Myopic Loss Aversion? An Experimental Analysis Michael. 1(3), 1–22.
Hala, Y., Abdullah, M. W., Andayani, W., Ilyas, G. B., & Akob, M. (2020). The Financial Behavior of Investment Decision Making Between Real and Financial Assets Sectors. 7(12), 635–645. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no12.635
Javed, H., Bagh, T., & Razzaq, S. (2017). Herding Effects, Over Confidence, Availability Bias and Representativeness as Behavioral Determinants of Perceived Investment Performance: An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). Journal of Global Economics, 06(01). https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-389.1000275
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prosper. The Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas in Late Antiquity, 47(2), 293–298. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1kr4n03.21
Kang, I., He, X., & Shin, M. M. (2020). Chinese Consumers’ Herd Consumption Behavior Related to Korean Luxury Cosmetics: The Mediating Role of Fear of Missing Out. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(February), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00121
Kent, H., & John, R. (2002). Psychological Biases of Investors. Financial Services Review, 11(2), 97–116.
Khan, I., Afeef, M., Jan, S., & Ihsan, A. (2020). The impact of heuristic biases on investors’ investment decision in Pakistan stock market: moderating role of long term orientation. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 13(2), 252–274. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-03-2020-0028
Lin, W. T., Tsai, S. C., & Lung, P. Y. (2013). Investors’ herd behavior: Rational or irrational? Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies, 42(5), 755–776. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.12030
Loris, R. P., & Jayanto, P. Y. (2021). the Effect of Representativeness, Availability, Anchoring, Risk Perception, and Herding on Investment Decisions Syariah Investors. Jurnal Akuntansi, 11(1), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.33369/j.akuntansi.11.1.81-92
Nofsinger, J. R., & Sias, R. W. (1999). American Finance Association Herding and Feedback Trading by Institutional and Individual Investors. The Journal of Finance, 54(6), 2263–2295.
Osatuyi, B. (2013). Information sharing on social media sites. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2622–2631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.07.001
Pompian, M. M. (2006). Pompian, M. (2006): Behavioral Finance and Wealth Management – How to Build Optimal Portfolios That Account for Investor Biases. In Financial Markets and Portfolio Management. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., Dehaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841–1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.014
Rasheed, M. H., Rafique, A., Zahid, T., & Akhtar, M. W. (2018). Factors influencing investor’s decision making in Pakistan: Moderating the role of locus of control. Review of Behavioral Finance, 10(1), 70–87. https://doi.org/10.1108/RBF-05-2016-0028
Salman, M., Khan, B., Khan, S. Z., & Khan, R. U. (2021). The impact of heuristic availability bias on investment decision-making: Moderated mediation model. Business Strategy and Development, 4(3), 246–257. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.148
Saputra, S. E., Natassia, R., & Utami, H. Y. (2020). The Effect of Religiosity Moderation with Loss Aversion on the Investment Decision of Personal Investors Kind of Stock Security in Padang City. AMAR (Andalas Management Review), 4(1), 40–55. https://doi.org/10.25077/amar.4.1.40-55.2020
Schueffel, P. (2016). Taming the beast: A scientific definition of fintech. Journal of Innovation Management, 4(4), 32–54. https://doi.org/10.24840/2183-0606_004.004_0004
Shah, S. Z. A., Ahmad, M., & Mahmood, F. (2018). Heuristic biases in investment decision-making and perceived market efficiency: A survey at the Pakistan stock exchange. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 10(1), 85–110. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-04-2017-0033
Shefrin, H. (2009). How psychological pitfalls generated the global financial crisis. The Routledge Companion to Strategic Risk Management, 269–295. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315780931-29
Shiva, A., Narula, S., & Shahi, S. K. (2020). What drives retail investors’ investment decisions? Evidence from no mobile phone phobia (Nomophobia) and investor fear of missing out (I-FoMo). Journal of Content, Community and Communication, 10(6), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.31620/JCCC.06.20/02
Subash, R. (2012). Role of Behavioral Finance in Portfolio Investment Decisions: Evidence from India. Faculty of Social Science Institute of Economic Studies, 8-9Dash, M. K. (2010). Factors Influencing Investm. http://ies.fsv.cuni.cz/default/file/download/id/20803
Sujarwoto, Saputri, R. A. M., & Yumarni, T. (2023). Social Media Addiction and Mental Health Among University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 21(1), 96–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00582-3
Yuwono, W., & Elmadiani, C. (2021). The Effect of Emotional Contagion, Availability Bias, Overconfidence, Loss Aversion, and Herding on Investment Decisions in the Millennial Generation During the Beginning of the Covid-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.6-3-2021.2306475
Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., & Griffin, M. (2013). Business Research Methods. South-Western College Pub.
Copyright (c) 2024 Umi Rahmawati, Surya Raharja

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.















