The Effect of Soft Skills, Hard Skills, and Self-Efficacy on Work Readiness with Part-Time Work Experience as a Mediation Variable
Abstract
This study examines the effects of soft skills, hard skills, and self-efficacy on work readiness, with part-time work experience as a mediating variable among Generation Z in the Solo Raya region. The conceptual framework is based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), which highlights the interaction between personal factors, learning experiences, and career-related outcomes. A quantitative approach was employed using primary data collected through an online questionnaire from Generation Z individuals aged 17–28 who had part-time work experience, selected using purposive sampling. Five constructs were measured on a 5-point Likert scale: soft skills, hard skills, self-efficacy, part-time work experience, and work readiness. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach via SmartPLS 4. The results show that soft skills have a positive and significant direct effect on work readiness, while hard skills and self-efficacy do not have a direct influence. However, all three variables significantly affect part-time work experience, which in turn positively influences work readiness. Furthermore, part-time work experience mediates the relationship between hard skills and work readiness, indicating that technical competencies contribute to readiness primarily through experiential learning. These findings reinforce the relevance of SCCT and emphasize the importance of practical work experience in enhancing Generation Z’s work readiness.
Downloads
References
Alfiana, R., Indiworo Ervina, H., & Darmaputra, F. M. (2024). Pengaruh Soft Skill, Hard Skills Dan Pengalaman Magang Terhadap Job Readiness ( Studi pada Mahasiswa Non Pendidikan Universitas PGRI Semarang ). 4.
Aprianus Telaumbanua, A. T. (2024). Pengaruh Soft Skill Dan Hard Skills Mahasiswa Terhadap Job Readiness Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jurnal Suluh Pendidikan (JSP), 12(2).
Budi Februari, Zuhrani Gumas Damanik, Siti Chairinnisa Hardi, & Zainarti. (2024). Pengaruh Pelatihan Soft Skill, Pelatihan Hard Skills, Dan Tingkat Pendidikan Terhadap Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Di Umkm Tomimase Uin Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 2(6), 823–839. https://doi.org/10.61722/jiem.v2i6.1706
Dhea Novita, Qristin Violinda, & M. Fadjar Darmaputra. (2023). Pengaruh Hard Skills, Soft Skill dan Self-Efficacy Terhadap Job Readiness (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir Universitas PGRI Semarang). Journal Economic Excellence Ibnu Sina, 1(4), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.59841/excellence.v1i4.601
Fernandes, G., Aguirre-Jaimes, A., Contreras-Varela, X., Cocoletzi, E., de Sousa, W. O., Araujo, L., Nunes, B., Angeles, G., Quesada, M., Briones, O., Ceccantini, G., Ornelas, J. F., Stokes, A., Angeles, G., Anthelme, F., Aranda-Delgado, E., Barois, I., Bounous, M., Cruz-Maldonado, N., … Dipholis, I. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Keaktifan Dalam Berorganisasi Terhadap Job Readiness Dengan Soft Skill Sebagai Variables Intervening Pada Mahasiswa Manajemen FEB UMS. New Phytologist, 51(1), 2022. http://eprints.ums.ac.id/id/eprint/102918
Ida Royani. (2022). Pengaruh Hard Skil Dan Soft Skill Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Hirarki : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 4(1), 643–658. https://doi.org/10.30606/hirarki.v4i1.1515
Isbahi, M. B., Zuana, M. M. M. ., & Mariana, E. R. . (2022). The Technology Strategy in Website Communication Media in Improving Business Activities. Majapahit Journal of Islamic Finance and Management, 1(2), 126–138. https://doi.org/10.31538/mjifm.v1i2.17
Isbahi, M. B., Zuana, M. M. M., & Toha, M. (2024). The Multi-Social Relation of the Cattle Industry in the Plaosan Subdistrict Animal Market of Magetan Regency. Malacca: Journal of Management and Business Development , 1(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.69965/malacca.v1i1.51
Laucu, W. (2023). CONTINUUM: Indonesia Journal Islamic Community Development THE IMPACT OF PART-TIME WORK ON STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT. CONTINUUM: Indonesia Journal Islamic Community Development, 2(1), 65–79.
Mamentu, J. J. R., Nelwan, O. S., & Sendow, G. M. (2023). Pengaruh Self Efficacy, Soft Skill,Self Esteem Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Job Readiness Fresh Graduate Feb Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jurnal EMBA : Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 11(3), 1487–1497. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v11i3.50712
Mukti, A. K., & Waskito, J. (2023). Pengaruh Locus Of Control Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Self Efficacy Sebagai Variables Pemediasi. Jurnal Lentera Bisnis, 12(2), 298. https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v12i2.759
Pangaribuan, H. J. (2024). PENGARUH SOFT SKILL DAN SELF EFFICACY TERHADAP MODERASI ( Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Perbankan Syariah Angkatan 2020 Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam UIN Prof . K . H . Saifuddin.
Pangaribuan, H. J., Fitri, K., Tarigan, M. A., Program, S., Manajemen, F., Ekonomi, D., Bisnis, U., Riau, K., Pekanbaru, P., & Riau, I. (2024). MANTAP: Journal of Management Accounting, Tax and Production E-Pengaruh Efikasi Diri dan Pengalaman Magang Terhadap Job Readiness Dengan Minat Kerja Sebagai Variables Intervening pada Peserta MSIB Universitas Riau. 2(2), 1007–1015.
Perkantoran, P. A., Jakarta, U. N., Pendidikan, S., Perkantoran, A., Ekonomi, F., & Skill, S. (2024). Issn : 3025-9495. 12(5).
Putri, N. I. (2023). Pengaruh Soft Skill Dan Keputusan Karir Terhadap Job Readiness Pada Mahasiswa Manajemen FEB UMS Angkatan 2018. 1–14. https://eprints.ums.ac.id/id/eprint/107906%0Ahttps://eprints.ums.ac.id/107906/2/NASKAH PUBLIKASI NAHES.pdf
Putri, R. I., & Harahap, K. (2023). Pengaruh Hard Skills, Soft Skill dan Pengalaman Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Pada Tok The Athlete’s Foot SUN Plaza dan Delipark Medan). Bisnis Dan Keuangan TRANSEKONOMIKA | VOLUME, 3(4), 685–698. https://transpublika.co.id/ojs/index.php/Transekonomika
R. Lesmana, J. W. (2025). CAREER DECISIONS : A QUANTITATIVE STUDY AMONG COLLEGES. 1–9.
Raihan, M., & Nengsih, M. kurnia. (2024). Pengaruh Soft Skill Dan Hard Skills Terhadap Job Readiness (StudiKomparasi Gen Z Dan Gen M) Di Kota Bengkulu. Jurnal Fokus Manajemen, 4(1), 19–28. https://jurnal.unived.ac.id/index.php/fokusman/article/view/5794
Rambe, D., Rambey, T., & Bachri, S. (2024). Analisis Pengaruh Hard Skills , Soft Skill dan Pengalaman Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Divisi Private Label dan 3rd Party PT . Sinar Eka Selaras Jakarta Pendahuluan. 30(2), 172–185.
Saragi Sitio, D. R., & Rswiyanti. (2022). Hubungan Career Self-Efficacy dan Job Readiness Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, Dan Seni, 6(3), 667–675. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v6i3.19439
Setiarini, H., Prabowo, H., Sutrisno, S., & Gultom, H. C. (2022). Pengaruh Soft Skill Dan Pengalaman Magang Kerja Terhadap Job Readiness Mahasiswa Melalui Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variables Intervening (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Feb Universitas Pgri Semarang). EKOBIS : Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 10(2), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.36596/ekobis.v10i2.941
Susilowati, A., & Fauzan, M. (2022). Pengaruh Efikasi Diri, Perencanaan Karir Terhadap Job Readiness Dimoderasi Layanan Informasi Karir. EDUSAINTEK: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains Dan Teknologi, 9(1), 215–226. https://doi.org/10.47668/edusaintek.v9i1.433
Toha, M., Zuana, M. M. M., & Isbahi, M. B. (2024). Acculturation of Mataraman Local Wisdom with Islamic Values: Implications for Social and Economic Development. Danadyaksa: Post Modern Economy Journal, 2(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.69965/danadyaksa.v2i1.143
Violinda, Q., Wahyuningsih, S., & Meiriyanti, R. (2023). Pengaruh Career Planning, Self Efficacy dan Adversity Quotient Terhadap Job Readiness Mahasiswa S1 di Semarang. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 9(2), 639–648. https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.9.2.639
Zamrodah, Y. (2016). Analisis Pengalaman Kerja dan keterampilan Kerja pada karyawan roro catering pekanbaru. 15(2), 1–23
Zamroni, M. A., Toha, M., Zuana, M. M. M., & Baiqun Isbahi, M. (2023). Exploring Zakat Distribution Via Blockchain in Indonesia Perspective of Maslahah Mursalah Wahbah Zuhaili. Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 6(3), 3544-3555. https://doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v7i3.5821
Copyright (c) 2026 Aura Eri Ratna Mahesti, Jati Waskito
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
