The Effect of Employee Engagement and Leadership Style on the Performance of Gen Z Employees in Cirebon City with Innovative Behavior as a Mediation
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the role of Innovation Behavior in mediating the influence of Employee Engagement and Leadership Style on the performance of Generation Z employees in the city of Cirebon. This is a quantitative study using Partial Least Square (PLS) testing based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and primary data. The population of this study is Generation Z employees in Cirebon, with a sample of 100 Generation Z employees selected through Purposive Sampling. Data was obtained by distributing questionnaires online. Based on the results of the study, first, Employee Engagement has a negative but not significant effect on the performance of Generation Z employees. Second, Leadership Style has a positive but not significant effect on the performance of Generation Z employees. Third, Generation Z employees have a significant positive effect on the performance of Generation Z employees. Fourth, Employee Engagement has a significant positive effect on Innovation Behavior. Fifth, Leadership Style has a significant positive effect on Innovative Behavior. Sixth, Innovative Behavior has a significant positive effect in mediating Employee Engagement on Generation Z Employee Performance. Seventh, Innovative Behavior has a positive but not significant effect in mediating Leadership Style on Generation Z Employee Performance. This study indicates that by paying attention to and providing work interest along with leadership that adapts to each employee's generation, it can encourage innovative behavior to enhance their performance.
Downloads
References
A.A. Anwar Prabu Mangkunegara. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Remaja Rosdakarya, 2017, https://www.academia.edu/11935579/ebook_sumber_daya_manusia_mangkunegara
Abadi, Muhammad Dzikri, dan Anas Taufiqurrahman. “Fleksibilitas Kerja, Insentif dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Driver Grabbike Lamongan.” Media Komunikasi Ilmu Ekonomi, vol. 40, no. 1, 2023, hal. 30–40. https://doi.org/10.58906/melati.v40i1.97
Ahriansyah, Muhammad, dan Fanny Martdianty. “How to Increase Employees’ Innovative Behavior? A Study in A State-Owned Electricity Company.” Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan| Journal of Theory and Applied Management, vol. 17, no. 1, 2024, hal. 88–107. https://doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v17i1.52205
Ali, Hazem, et al. “Employee Engagement and Innovative Work Behavior Among Chinese Millennials: Mediating and Moderating Role of Work-Life Balance and Psychological Empowerment.” Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, no. July, 2022, hal. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.942580
Ali, Muhammad, et al. “Career Development, Career Maturity and Career Success in Generation Z:A Systematic Review.” The 3rd Jakarta Economic Sustainability International Conference Agenda, vol. 2023, 2023, hal. 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/nstp.2023.3704
Amanda Savitri, Christina, et al. “Analisis Faktor Employee Engagement terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di PT Sinkona Indonesia Lestari.” Jurnal Manajemen dan Organisasi, vol. 14, no. 2, 2023, hal. 110–124. https://doi.org/10.29244/jmo.v14i2.44680
Andriani, Sri, et al. Edukasi capital market pada gen z. 2022, hal. 2178–82.
Ashari, Risma Putri, et al. Peran Kepemimpinan Transformasional dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan yang Inovatif. no. 2, 2024.
Badan Pusat Statistik. Jumlah Penduduk Pertengahan Tahun (Ribu Jiwa), 2022-2024. 2024, https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/MTk3NSMy/jumlah-penduduk-pertengahan-tahun--ribu-jiwa-.html.
Soulthan S. Batubara. “Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Departemen Pengadaan PT INALUM (Persero).” Liabilities (Jurnal Pendidikan Akuntansi), vol. 3, no. 1, 2020, hal. 40–58. https://doi.org/10.30596/liabilities.v3i1.4581
Bisnis, Jurnal Administrasi, et al. Gaya Kepemimpinan Mikromanajemen dan Kinerja Karyawan Generasi Z di Indonesia. no. 2, 2024, hal. 151–64.
Boak, George. Action learning and innovation. 2022, hal. 2–4, https://doi.org/10.1080/14767333.2022.2130721.
Choidah, N., Indriyani, R., & Fatimah, N. “Peran Keterlibatan Kerja Terhadap Perilaku Inovatif Dan Kinerja Studi Pada Industri Kreatif. BBM.” Buletin Bisnis & Manajemen, vol. 9, 2023, hal. 104., https://doi.org/10.47686/bbm.v9i01.563.
Christbelloni S. Z., Haedar Greis M. Sendow, Raymond Kawet. “Pengaruh Employee Engagement , Beban Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di Pt Pegadaian ( Persero ) Kantor Wilayah V Manado Employee Engagement Effect , Workload , and Job Satisfaction.” Jurnal EMBA :Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan AKuntansi Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado ISSN 2303-1174, vol. 9, no. 3, 2021, hal. 7–15.
Dama, Jihanti, dan Imelda W. J. Ogi. “Pengaruh Inovasi Dan Kreativitas Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. Manado.” Jurnal EMBA, vol. 6, no. 1, 2018, hal. 41–50.
Darmawan, Surya, et al. Learning Agility Sebagai Mediator Job Involvement dan Innovative Work Behavior Karyawan Generasi Z di Sleman Learning Agility as a Mediator of Job Involvement and Innovative Work Behavior in Generation Z Employees in Sleman. 2024, hal. 17–28, https://doi.org/10.55963/jumpa.v11i3.684.
De Jong, J. & Den Hartog, D. 2010. Meansuring Innovative Work Behavior.” Creative and Innovation Management. 2010, hal. Pp.23-36.
Demirtas, Ozgur, dan Mustafa Karaca. “A Handbook of Leadership Styles.” Cambridge Scholars Publishing, no. April, 2020, hal. 1–30.
Devina, dan Sapta Dwikardana. “Indonesian Millennial’s Needs in The Workplace.” Parahyangan Chatholic University, vol. 1, no. 1, 2016, hal. 1–16.
Dewansyah, Bilal, et al. Analisis Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Work-Life Balance Karyawan Swasta di Cirebon. no. 2, 2024, https://doi.org/10.32877/eb.v7i2.1668.
Dolot, Anna. “The characteristics of Generation Z.” E-Mentor, no. 74, 2018, hal. 44–50, https://doi.org/10.15219/em74.1351.
Ekonomi, Jurnal, dan Manajemen Akuntansi. Neraca Neraca. 2024, hal. 304–17.
Ekonomi, Kesenjangan, et al. “Peran Generasi Z Dalam Pengembangan Industri Kreatif Sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Kesenjangan Ekonomi Bali Di Era Society 5.0.” Pilar, vol. 1, hal. 176–202.
FabrizioFornari. “Society 5.0 2025 : 5th Conference on Society 5.0.” UNICAM’s Polo Didattico di San Benedetto, 2024, http://www.wikicfp.com/cfp/servlet/event.showcfp?eventid=183334©ownerid=174779.
Ghozali, I., & Latan, H. Partial least squares: Konsep, teknik, dan aplikasi menggunakan program smart PLS 3.0 (2nd ed.). Universitas Diponegoro Semarang., 2015.
Hadi, Surjo, et al. “Pengaruh Perilaku Inovatif Dan Keterlibatan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan.” Jurnal Baruna Horizon, vol. 3, no. 1, 2020, hal. 186–97, https://doi.org/10.52310/jbhorizon.v3i1.38.
Hair, J.F., Risher, J.J., Sarstedt, M. and Ringle, C. M. “When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM.” European Business Review, vol. 31, no. 1, 2019, hal. 2–24.
Haryanto, Gabriela Chandra. “Perbedaan Penggunaan Internet, Media Sosial, dan Persepsi pada Dunia Kerja menurut Tahun Kelahiran Generasi Z (Studi pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Bisnis dan Ekonomika Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta).” Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2019, hal. 10–23.
Hasanah, Fatma Arianti, dan Mohamad Arief Rafsanjani. Pengaruh Efikasi Diri Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Dengan Kreativitas Sebagai Variabel Mediator. no. 1, 2021, hal. 162–74, https://doi.org/10.29408/jpek.v5i1.3440.
Hasibuan, Malayu (2016). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Revisi, PT Bumi Aksara, 2016, https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Manajemen_Sumber_Daya_Manusia.html?hl=id&id=ZQk0tAEACAAJ&redir_esc=y.
Helmy, Irfan. Pengaruh Perilaku Kerja Inovatif , Budaya Organisasi , dan Etika Kerja Islam Terhadap Kinerja Guru ( Studi Pada Guru PNS Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 6 Kebumen ). no. 6, 2021, hal. 1063–79.
Herawati, Heny, dan Dwi Ermawati. “Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus Pada Bagian Produksi PT Tae Jong Indonesia).” KINERJA Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, vol. 2, no. 2, 2020, hal. 16–33, https://uia.e-journal.id/Kinerja/article/view/922.
Hidayah, Fitriyatun, dan Nur Khoiri. “PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN INOVASI DAN WORK CULTURE DALAM ORGANISASI PENDIDIKAN.” Manajem Pendidikan Islam, no. Keywords: Innovation, Transformational Leadership and Work Culture, 2024, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54892/jmpialidarah.v9i01.340.
Hilmawati, Mei Ruli Ninin, dan Rohmawati Kusumaningtias. “Inklusi Keuangan Dan Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Kinerja Dan Keberlangsungan Sektor Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah.” Nominal: Barometer Riset Akuntansi dan Manajemen, vol. 10, no. 1, 2021, hal. 135–52, https://doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v10i1.33881.
Himpi, Plafianto Jonokarjo, et al. Pengaruh keterlibatan kerja dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja dimediasi perilaku inovatif. no. 2006, 2022.
Jurnal, Jimea, dan Ilmiah Mea. FAKTOR – FAKTOR PENENTU TURNOVER INTENTION : STUDI KASUS LINGKUNGAN KERJA , BEBAN KERJA , DAN WORK – LIFE BALANCE DI KALANGAN KARYAWAN GEN Z DI JIMEA | Jurnal Ilmiah MEA ( Manajemen , Ekonomi , dan Akuntansi ). no. 3, 2024, hal. 1912–31.
Karolina, N., dan M. .. Saryatno. Employee Engagement, Work Life Balance, Dan Turnover Intention.Pdf. 2024.
Kim, S., & Park, S. “Employee engagement, innovative behavior, and job performance: Moderating effects of work resources.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 17(19)., 2020.
Leach, Desmond. The relationship of individual capabilities and environmental support with different facets of designers ’ innovative behaviour. no. 0, 2014, hal. 1–50, https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12250.
Magfijar, Faraz Muhammad, et al. Oikonomia : Jurnal Manajemen Peran Innovative Behavior Sebagai Mediasi Pada Pengaruh Employee Engagement Terhadap Employee Performance. 2024.
Mariska, Dhea Dana. “Hubungan Antara Employee Engagement Dan Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Kinerja.” Insight : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Psikologi, vol. 14, no. 1, 2018, hal. 91, https://doi.org/10.32528/ins.v14i1.1161.
Mazzetti, Greta, dan Wilmar B. Schaufeli. “The impact of engaging leadership on employee engagement and team effectiveness: A longitudinal, multi-level study on the mediating role of personal- and team resources.” PLoS ONE, vol. 17, no. 6 June, 2022, hal. 1–25, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269433.
Nafira, Sinta, dan Tri Diana Sari. “Strategi Pengembangan Kualitas Sdm ‘Generasi Millenial & Generasi Z’ Dalam Menghadapi Persaingan Global Era 5.0.” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen, vol. 1, no. 1, 2022, hal. 22–25, http://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/PSM/article/view/18472.
Nguyen, T. T. “The impact of employee engagement on innovative work behavior: The mediating role of knowledge sharing.” Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, December., 2023.
Nugroho, Danang. Metode kepemimpinan Generasi Z yang Ideal dalam Lingkungan Organisasi. no. 6, 2024, hal. 125–34.
Ogunsola, Olanrewaju Kazeem, et al. “Effect of Leadership Styles on Gen-Z Work Performance: An Empirical Analysis.” Asian Journal of Research in Business and Management, no. May, 2024, https://doi.org/10.55057/ajrbm.2024.6.1.5.
Oktiani, Nurvi. “Analisa Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada PD Pasar Jaya Hwi Lindeteves Jakarta Barat.” Media Ekonomi, vol. 21, no. 1, 2021, hal. 1, https://doi.org/10.30595/medek.v21i1.11775.
Peramesti, Ni Putu Depi Yulia, dan Dedi Kusmana. “Kepemimpinan Ideal Pada Era Generasi Milenial.” TRANSFORMASI: Jurnal Manajemen Pemerintahan, 2018, hal. 73–84, https://doi.org/10.33701/jt.v10i1.413.
Prabudi, Anton, et al. “Analisis Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, Gaya Kepemimpinan Kerja Dan Pengupahan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di PT.Trisakti Harapan Riau.” Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Akuntansi, vol. 3, no. 2, 2022, hal. 155–70, http://journal.al-matani.com/index.php/invest/index.
Prof. Dr. Sugiyono. Metode penelitian kuantitatif. Cet. 1, Alfabeta, 2018, https://inlislite.uin-suska.ac.id/opac/detail-opac?id=22862.
Putri Amandawati. “Gaya Kepemimpinan Efektif untuk Kinerja Maksimal ala Gen Z.” PT Mitra Utama Madani, 2024, https://mum.id/news/gaya-kepemimpinan-efektif-untuk-kinerja-maksimal-ala-gen-z.
Rahmadalena, Tri, dan Asmanita. “Pengaruh Employee Engagement, Karakteristik Pekerjaan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk Unit Dermaga Kertapati Palembang.” Jurnal Ilmiah Bina Manajemen, vol. 3, no. 2, 2020, hal. 68–76, https://journal.binadarma.ac.id/index.php/BINAMANAJEMEN/article/view/1094.
Ricardianto, Prasadja, et al. EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT : AS A MEDIATOR OF THE SHIP CREW ’ S. no. 6, 2020, hal. 7016–42.
Ridho, Muhammad Miftah, dan Tomi Oktavianor. “Flexible Working Arrangements Di Telkom Regional VI Kalimantan.” Jurnal Bisnis Dan Pembangunan, vol. 13, no. 1, 2024, hal. 20–34.
Sakitri, Galih. “Selamat Datang Gen Z , Sang Penggerak Inovasi.” Forum Manajemen Prasetiya Mulya, vol. 35, no. 2, 2021, hal. 1–10.
Santri, Salfia Putri Dewina, et al. “Pengaruh Self Efficacy, Self Esteem dan Employee Engagement Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Kota Magelang.” Among Makarti, vol. 16, no. 1, 2023, hal. 64–77. https://doi.org/10.52353/ama.v16i1.441
Sari, Mayang, dan Amelia Sholeha. “Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dalam Membangun Budaya Inovasi Dan Meningkatkan Keterlibatan Karyawan Gen Z Di Pt. Alfamart. Tbk.” Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi, vol. Volume. 2, 2024. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61132/anggaran.v2i4.1054
Sarstedt, Marko. “The Great Facilitator.” The Great Facilitator, no. May, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06031-2
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., et al. “The measurement of engagement and burnout : a two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies. 3, 71 - 92.” Journal of Happiness Studies, vol. 3, 71–92, 2002, https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1023/A:1015630930326.
Seprianto, Obi. “Pengaruh Keterlibatan Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja Pegawai.” Jurnal Manajemen Sains dan Organisasi, vol. 2, no. 1, 2021, hal. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.52300/jmso.v2i1.2795
Sitio, Vera Sylvia Saragi. “Pengaruh Total Quality Management ( Tqm ) Dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Pt . Pelita Air Service.” Journal of management and business review, vol. 15, no. 2, 2018, hal. 196–218.
Sudiyani, Ni Nyoman, et al. “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja: Perilaku Inovasi Sebagai Mediasi.” Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Equilibrium, vol. 7, no. 2, 2021, hal. 217–230. https://doi.org/10.47329/jurnal_mbe.v7i2.749
Timori Kansaki, et al. “Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Gen-Z (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Politeknik Cendana Medan).” ARBITRASE: Journal of Economics and Accounting, vol. 2, no. 2, 2021, hal. 46–50. https://doi.org/10.47065/arbitrase.v2i2.284
Tinggi, Sekolah, dan Agama Islam. Jurnal Literasi Indonesia ( JLI ). no. 2, 2024, hal. 77–83.
Toha, Mohamad & Supriyanto. (2023). Factors Influencing the Consumer Research Process: Market Target, Purchasing Behavior and Market Demand (Literature Review Of Consumer Behavior). Danadyaksa: Post Modern Economy Journal, 1(1), 1–17. Retrieved from https://e-journal.bustanul-ulum.id/in
Trisandri, Muhammad Iqbal Revilliano, dan Yusuf Iskandar. “The Impact of Motivation and Commitment on Gen Z Work Performance in the Jabodetabek Area.” Buletin Poltanesa, vol. 25, no. 1, 2024, hal. 68–76. https://doi.org/10.51967/tanesa.v25i1.3034
Vania Citta Mufarrihati, dan R. Rina Novianty Ariawaty. “Pengaruh Remote Working Terhadap Employee Engagement Pada Karyawan Generasi Z (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Startup di Kota Bandung).” Akuntansi, vol. 2, no. 4, 2023, hal. 133–55, https://doi.org/10.55606/akuntansi.v2i4.1278.
Vithayaporn, Sanhakot, dan Suwaree Ann Ashton. “Employee Engagement and Innovative Work Behavior: A Case Study of Thai Airways International.” ABAC ODI Journal Vision. Action. Outcome, vol. 6, no. 2, 2019, hal. 45–62. http://www.assumptionjournal.au.edu/index.php/odijournal/index45
Widiaristi, Monica Sekar, dan Arum Etikariena. “Perilaku Kerja Inovatif Karyawan Gen Z: Perbandingan pada Perusahaan yang menerapkan Pengaturan Kerja Fleksibel dengan yang menerapkan WFO.” Journal Psikogenesis, vol. 12, no. 1, 2024, hal. 31–45. https://doi.org/10.24854/jps.v12i1.4064
Yanuar, Yanuar, et al. “Job Performance and government banks: Evidence from Indonesia.” International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, vol. 6, no. 11, 2019, hal. 197–212.
Zuhaena, Fatwa, dan Harsuti Harsuti. “Keterlibatan Karyawan Dan Perilaku Inovatif: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur.” Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Widya Wiwaha Program Magister Manajemen, vol. 8, no. 2, 2021, hal. 66–72. https://doi.org/10.32477/jrm.v8i2.293
Copyright (c) 2025 Intan Permatasari, Muhamad Fadil Supriatna, Muhamad Alwi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.















