Nikah Siri Following Engagement: A Perspective From Sadd Al-Dzari’ah in the Jung Cang-Cang Village Pamekasan Subdistrict, Pamekasan Regency

Nikah Sirri Pasca Pertunangan Perspektif Sadd Al-Dzari’ah di Kelurahan Jung Cang-Cang Kecamatan Pamekasan Kabupaten Pamekasan

Abstract

Nikah Siri following engagement has emerged as a growing social phenomenon, adopted by communities as a means to avoid slander and harm (mudharat) during the engagement period, despite ongoing debates regarding its legality and legal protection. This study aims to analyze the practice of secret marriage after engagement as it occurs in the community of Jung Cang-Cang Urban Village, and to examine this practice through the lens of Sadd al-Dzari’ah (blocking the means to evil), in order to determine the extent to which such practice can be justified or prohibited under Islamic law, by weighing its potential benefits (maslahah) against its possible harms. This research employs a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. Data were collected using two techniques: semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. The findings reveal that secret marriages after engagement in Jung Cang-Cang Urban Village are conducted in accordance with the essential pillars and conditions of marriage, but are not officially registered with the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA). Some community members support this practice, viewing it as a preventive measure against slander and harm during the engagement period, and as a means of preserving lineage in line with the objectives of Islamic law (maqasid al-shari'ah). However, others oppose it, citing its contradiction with statutory regulations and its potential to disadvantage women. This practice is regarded as an application of the principle of Sadd al-Dzari’ah—namely, closing off avenues that may lead to moral corruption—so that secret marriage is chosen as a preventive solution based on mutual agreement between both parties.

Nikah siri pasca pertunangan menjadi fenomena yang berkembang di masyarakat sebagai upaya menghindari fitnah dan kemudharatan selama masa pertunangan, meskipun menimbulkan perdebatan terkait legalitas dan perlindungan hukum. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis praktik nikah siri pasca pertunangan yang terjadi di masyarakat di Kelurahan Jung Cang-Cang dan untuk mengkaji praktik nikah siri pasca pertunangan berdasarkan perspektif Sadd al-Dzari’ah, guna mengetahui sejauh mana praktik tersebut dapat dibenarkan atau dicegah dalam hukum Islam dengan mempertimbangkan kemaslahatan dan potensi kemudaratan yang ditimbulkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, jenis penelitian fenomenologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melaksanakan wawancara semi terstruktur dan observasi nonpartisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, nikah siri pasca pertunangan di Kelurahan Jung Cang-Cang dilaksanakan dengan memenuhi rukun dan syarat nikah, tetapi tidak dicatatkan di KUA. Sebagian masyarakat mendukung praktik ini karena dianggap dapat mencegah fitnah dan kemudharatan selama masa pertunangan serta menjaga keturunan sesuai tujuan syariat Islam. Namun, sebagian lainnya menolak karena bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan dan berpotensi merugikan pihak perempuan. Praktik tersebut dipandang sebagai penerapan prinsip sadd al-dzari’ah, yaitu menutup jalan yang dapat mengarah pada kemafsadatan, sehingga nikah siri dipilih sebagai solusi preventif berdasarkan kesepakatan kedua belah pihak.