The Implementation of the Omnibus Law in the Formation of the Job Creation Law: A Perspective of Indonesian Legal History and Legal Politics
Penerapan Omnibus Law dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja: Perspektif Sejarah Hukum dan Politik Hukum Indonesia
Abstract
Legal development in Indonesia over the last few decades has been characterized by increasing regulatory complexity, resulting in overlapping regulations, normative disharmony, and legal uncertainty. This condition has encouraged the government to adopt the omnibus law method as an instrument for regulatory simplification through the enactment of the Job Creation Law. The emergence of the omnibus law has generated considerable debate because it is considered to shift Indonesia's legal tradition, which has long been rooted in the civil law system and the codification model inherited from the Dutch colonial period. This article aims to analyze the development of the omnibus law from a historical legal perspective and its implications for Indonesian legal politics. The study employs normative legal research using historical, statutory, and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that Indonesia's legal system has historically been built upon a codification paradigm emphasizing legal certainty, systematic legal norms, and gradual law-making processes. In contrast, the omnibus law represents a new legislative paradigm that is more pragmatic and oriented toward regulatory efficiency. Although this method may serve as an instrument of legal reform and regulatory simplification, its implementation must remain consistent with the principles of the rule of law, public participation, and constitutional supremacy to prevent shifts in legal politics that undermine democratic values and legal certainty.
Perkembangan hukum di Indonesia dalam beberapa dekade terakhir ditandai oleh meningkatnya kompleksitas regulasi yang menyebabkan terjadinya tumpang tindih peraturan, disharmonisasi norma, dan ketidakpastian hukum. Kondisi tersebut mendorong pemerintah mengadopsi metode omnibus law sebagai instrumen penyederhanaan regulasi melalui pembentukan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja. Kehadiran omnibus law menimbulkan perdebatan karena dianggap menggeser tradisi pembentukan hukum Indonesia yang selama ini berakar pada sistem civil law dan model kodifikasi yang diwariskan sejak masa kolonial Belanda. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan omnibus law dari perspektif sejarah hukum serta implikasinya terhadap politik hukum Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan sejarah, pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sistem hukum Indonesia secara historis dibangun di atas paradigma kodifikasi yang menekankan kepastian hukum, sistematika norma, dan pembentukan hukum secara bertahap. Sementara itu, omnibus law merepresentasikan paradigma legislasi baru yang lebih pragmatis dan berorientasi pada efisiensi regulasi. Meskipun metode tersebut dapat menjadi instrumen reformasi hukum dan penyederhanaan regulasi, penerapannya tetap harus memperhatikan prinsip negara hukum, partisipasi publik, dan supremasi konstitusi agar tidak menimbulkan pergeseran politik hukum yang mengabaikan nilai-nilai demokrasi dan kepastian hukum.
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