Rekonsiliasi Pandangan Fikih dan Pengadilan Agama dalam Menentukan Status Talak Tiga Sekali Ucapan

Reconciliation of Fiqh Views and Religious Courts in Determining The Status of Talak Three Speeches

  • Abdul Aziz STAI Nurul Iman, Parung Bogor, Indonesia
Keywords: Talak Three Once, Fiqh Four Schools, Religious Court, Islamic Law

Abstract

The differing views between the four schools of fiqh and the legal practices in the Religious Court regarding the status of a triple talaq pronounced at once presents an intriguing issue in Islamic law studies. In the four schools of fiqh, a triple talaq uttered in one statement is considered valid and leads to the permanent dissolution of the marriage. In contrast, the Religious Court often considers factors such as intention, social context, and public interest (maslahah), which can influence decisions on the validity of talaq. This study aims to reconcile fiqh perspectives with the Religious Court’s approach in determining the legal status of a triple talaq pronounced at once, seeking a more relevant and applicable legal solution. Using a qualitative method with a normative juridical and conceptual approach, the research analyzes the doctrines of the four schools of fiqh and the rulings of the Religious Court. The findings reveal tension between the textual approach of fiqh and the contextual approach of the Religious Court, which prioritizes justice and public interest. This study recommends an integrative approach that combines fiqh principles with the dynamics of modern social and legal contexts, producing more just and relevant rulings. The implications include strengthening the synergy between classical Islamic law and national law to provide legal certainty that meets societal needs. This contributes to the reform of Islamic law in the Indonesian legal context.

 

 

Perbedaan pandangan antara fiqih empat mazhab dan praktik hukum di Pengadilan Agama mengenai status talak tiga yang diucapkan sekaligus menjadi permasalahan yang menarik dalam studi hukum Islam. Dalam fiqih empat mazhab, talak tiga yang diucapkan sekaligus dianggap sah dan berkonsekuensi memutus hubungan suami istri secara permanen. Sebaliknya, Pengadilan Agama sering mempertimbangkan aspek niat, konteks sosial, dan kemaslahatan, yang dapat memengaruhi keputusan terkait keabsahan talak tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekonsiliasi pandangan fiqih dengan pendekatan Pengadilan Agama dalam menentukan status hukum talak tiga sekali ucapan guna menemukan solusi hukum yang lebih relevan dan aplikatif. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan konseptual, penelitian ini menganalisis doktrin fiqih empat mazhab dan putusan-putusan Pengadilan Agama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ketegangan antara pandangan tekstual fiqih dan pendekatan kontekstual yang diterapkan di Pengadilan Agama, di mana yang terakhir cenderung mengutamakan prinsip keadilan dan maslahat. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pendekatan integratif yang mempertimbangkan prinsip fiqih serta dinamika sosial dan hukum masyarakat modern untuk menghasilkan putusan yang lebih adil dan relevan. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah penguatan sinergi antara hukum Islam klasik dan hukum nasional dalam rangka memberikan kepastian hukum yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi penting terhadap pembaruan hukum Islam dan penerapannya dalam konteks hukum di Indonesia.

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Published
2024-12-31
How to Cite
[1]
Aziz, A. 2024. Rekonsiliasi Pandangan Fikih dan Pengadilan Agama dalam Menentukan Status Talak Tiga Sekali Ucapan. Al-’`Adalah : Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Islam. 9, 2 (Dec. 2024), 324-347. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31538/adlh.v9i2.6152.